Bosquejo del desarrollo de la psicología y su relación con la salud en Cuba 1900-1958 / Outline of psychology development and its relationships with health in Cuba in the 1900-1958 period

El objetivo de este trabajo es describir algunos antecedentes de la psicología en Cuba relacionados con la salud. Se utilizaron los métodos heurístico, hermenéutico y de la historia crítica; la consulta de fuentes primarias y secundarias de información así como testimonios de los autores. Se consultó bibliografía en bibliotecas públicas y privadas, hemerotecas, centros de información y en Internet. Se obtuvo una descripción documentada y crítica de los orígenes de la psicología y su relación con la salud en Cuba durante el periodo de 1900-1958, los escenarios de formación, algunos profesionales destacados en lo científico y lo político así como las teorías y explicaciones del papel de lo psicológico en la determinación de la salud, la afiliación a paradigmas de las ciencias, publicaciones, los primeros puntos de encuentro de la psicología o de los psicólogos relacionados con la salud en Cuba así como los inicios de la enseñanza de la psicología hasta la fundación de las primeras escuelas. Se concluye que existió un determinado nivel de desarrollo de la psicología clínica y psicopedagógica en el periodo estudiado, que predominó el positivismo como concepción teórica aunque existieron algunos críticos a esta corriente y al mercantilismo en la salud, proveniente de la influencia norteamericana durante la república mediatizada. Las personalidades relevantes descritas posibilitaron la posterior formación masiva de psicólogos que constituyen antecedentes del surgimiento de la psicología de la salud en Cuba en la década de los 60 del siglo XX(AU)

The objective of this paper is to describe some antecedents of psychology related to health in Cuba. The heuristics, hermeneutic and critical history methods were used in addition to consulting primary and secondary data sources and authors´ testimonies. Bibliography found in public and private libraries, newspaper and periodical archives, information centers and Internet was reviewed. There was obtained documented critical description of the origins of psychology and its relationship with health in Cuba in the 1900-1958 period, the formative settings, some outstanding professionals in the scientific and the political fields as well as theories and explanations about the role of the psychological elements in determination of health, about the affiliation to paradigms of sciences; publications, the first points of meeting of psychology and of psychologists related to health in Cuba, and the beginning of psychology teaching in Cuba until the foundation of the first schools. It was concluded that there was certain level of development of clinical and psychopedagogic psychology in the studied period when positivism prevailed as a theoretical concept, although there were some people who criticized this trend and health mercantilism as a result of the US influence before 1959. The outstanding personalities described in this paper made the subsequent massive formation of psychologists possible, which represent antecedents of the emergence of health psychology in Cuba in the 60´s of the 20th century(AU)

Bosquejo del desarrollo de la psicología y su relación con la salud en Cuba 1900-1958 / Outline of psychology development and its relationships with health in Cuba in the 1900-1958 period

El objetivo de este trabajo es describir algunos antecedentes de la psicología en Cuba relacionados con la salud. Se utilizaron los métodos heurístico, hermenéutico y de la historia crítica; la consulta de fuentes primarias y secundarias de información así como testimonios de los autores. Se consultó bibliografía en bibliotecas públicas y privadas, hemerotecas, centros de información y en Internet. Se obtuvo una descripción documentada y crítica de los orígenes de la psicología y su relación con la salud en Cuba durante el periodo de 1900-1958, los escenarios de formación, algunos profesionales destacados en lo científico y lo político así como las teorías y explicaciones del papel de lo psicológico en la determinación de la salud, la afiliación a paradigmas de las ciencias, publicaciones, los primeros puntos de encuentro de la psicología o de los psicólogos relacionados con la salud en Cuba así como los inicios de la enseñanza de la psicología hasta la fundación de las primeras escuelas. Se concluye que existió un determinado nivel de desarrollo de la psicología clínica y psicopedagógica en el periodo estudiado, que predominó el positivismo como concepción teórica aunque existieron algunos críticos a esta corriente y al mercantilismo en la salud, proveniente de la influencia norteamericana durante la república mediatizada. Las personalidades relevantes descritas posibilitaron la posterior formación masiva de psicólogos que constituyen antecedentes del surgimiento de la psicología de la salud en Cuba en la década de los 60 del siglo XX(AU)

The objective of this paper is to describe some antecedents of psychology related to health in Cuba. The heuristics, hermeneutic and critical history methods were used in addition to consulting primary and secondary data sources and authors´ testimonies. Bibliography found in public and private libraries, newspaper and periodical archives, information centers and Internet was reviewed. There was obtained documented critical description of the origins of psychology and its relationship with health in Cuba in the 1900-1958 period, the formative settings, some outstanding professionals in the scientific and the political fields as well as theories and explanations about the role of the psychological elements in determination of health, about the affiliation to paradigms of sciences; publications, the first points of meeting of psychology and of psychologists related to health in Cuba, and the beginning of psychology teaching in Cuba until the foundation of the first schools. It was concluded that there was certain level of development of clinical and psychopedagogic psychology in the studied period when positivism prevailed as a theoretical concept, although there were some people who criticized this trend and health mercantilism as a result of the US influence before 1959. The outstanding personalities described in this paper made the subsequent massive formation of psychologists possible, which represent antecedents of the emergence of health psychology in Cuba in the 60´s of the 20th century(AU)

O lugar de psicologia social na formação dos psicólogos / The place of social psychology in the formation of psychologists

Este trabalho pretendeu contribuir para o ensino da Psicologia Social no Brasil ao levantar os conteúdos e práticas do ensino dessa disciplina em cursos de psicologia de instituições localizadas em todas as regiões do país. A pesquisa consistiu no levantamento do material referente ao ensino da Psicologia Social, através de ementas, programas, de questionários e bibliografia indicada. 51 professores da disciplina Psicologia Social responderam a um questionário, e as informações referentes a ementas e programas foram coletadas junto às instituições. Os dados foram submetidos à análise de conteúdo, organizados em tabelas e submetidos a testes estatísticos. O ensino de Psicologia Social se dá através de conceitos descritivos/fenômenos, onde são valorizados os temas da área, em detrimento das correntes teóricas, as práticas e os métodos que foram menos referidos/enfatizados. Interpretamos esses resultados como busca de "sensibilização" dos alunos do curso de Psicologia para os problemas sociais relacionados com a Psicologia Social.(AU)

This paper aimed at contributing to the education in Social Psychology in Brazil, raising the teaching contents/practices of such topic in courses of psychology in institutions located in all the regions of the country. The research consisted of the survey of diverse material related to the teaching of Social Psychology, through summaries, programs and questionnaires and the recommended bibliography. 51 professors of Social Psychology answered the questionnaire; and other information regarding summaries and programs was collected in institutions. The data was submitted to content analysis, organized in tables and statistically tested. The teaching of psychology is carried out drawing on descriptive concepts/phenomena, where topics of the field are more valued to the detriment of theoretical trends; hence practices and methods were less mentioned/emphasized. The results are interpreted as a search to raise psychology course students' awareness of the social problems related to social psychology.(AU)

O lugar de psicologia social na formação dos psicólogos / The place of social psychology in the formation of psychologists

Este trabalho pretendeu contribuir para o ensino da Psicologia Social no Brasil ao levantar os conteúdos e práticas do ensino dessa disciplina em cursos de psicologia de instituições localizadas em todas as regiões do país. A pesquisa consistiu no levantamento do material referente ao ensino da Psicologia Social, através de ementas, programas, de questionários e bibliografia indicada. 51 professores da disciplina Psicologia Social responderam a um questionário, e as informações referentes a ementas e programas foram coletadas junto às instituições. Os dados foram submetidos à análise de conteúdo, organizados em tabelas e submetidos a testes estatísticos. O ensino de Psicologia Social se dá através de conceitos descritivos/fenômenos, onde são valorizados os temas da área, em detrimento das correntes teóricas, as práticas e os métodos que foram menos referidos/enfatizados. Interpretamos esses resultados como busca de "sensibilização" dos alunos do curso de Psicologia para os problemas sociais relacionados com a Psicologia Social.

This paper aimed at contributing to the education in Social Psychology in Brazil, raising the teaching contents/practices of such topic in courses of psychology in institutions located in all the regions of the country. The research consisted of the survey of diverse material related to the teaching of Social Psychology, through summaries, programs and questionnaires and the recommended bibliography. 51 professors of Social Psychology answered the questionnaire; and other information regarding summaries and programs was collected in institutions. The data was submitted to content analysis, organized in tables and statistically tested. The teaching of psychology is carried out drawing on descriptive concepts/phenomena, where topics of the field are more valued to the detriment of theoretical trends; hence practices and methods were less mentioned/emphasized. The results are interpreted as a search to raise psychology course students' awareness of the social problems related to social psychology.